Prokaryotic expression systems, such as those based on Escherichia coli, can be used to express eukaryotic proteins, but there are several important considerations:

The  E. coli expression system  is one of the most widely used methods for protein production due to its well-characterized nature and efficiency. Here are some key characteristics:

Cell-free protein expression systems have a wide range of applications across various fields of research and industry. The main applications include: 

Cell-free protein expression systems  can be broadly classified based on the source of the cellular extract used to power protein synthesis.

A cell-free protein expression system is a method of synthesizing proteins in vitro, using the necessary components extracted from cells rather than relying on living cells. By providing a DNA template, ribosomes, amino acids, enzymes, and other intracellular components in a test tube, scientists can directly produce proteins in an artificial environment.