Amino modifications refer to the chemical alterations that introduce amino functional groups into oligonucleotides. This modification can be achieved by incorporating amino groups onto the nucleobases or the sugar moieties of the oligonucleotide. Amino modifications endow oligonucleotides with specific properties and functionalities, offering numerous advantages for various biological and biotechnological applications.

1. Enhanced Stability: Amino modifications can increase the stability of oligonucleotides, making them more resistant to biological samples, such as extracellular environments, intracellular conditions, or sample processing.
2. Increased Affinity: Amino modifications can enhance the binding affinity of oligonucleotides to their target molecules, thereby improving efficiency and specificity in target recognition and binding processes.
3. Improved Pharmacokinetic Properties: In nucleic acid therapeutics research, amino modifications can improve the pharmacokinetic properties of oligonucleotides, such as prolonging half-life, enhancing cellular uptake, and reducing immune responses.
4. Alteration of Charge Properties: Amino modifications can introduce charged amino groups, thereby altering the overall charge properties of oligonucleotides. This is significant for regulating migration rates and separation characteristics in techniques such as electrophoresis, gel electrophoresis, or ion-exchange chromatography.
5. Introduction of Functional Groups: Amino modifications can introduce specific functional groups onto oligonucleotides, such as amino acid residues, crosslinkers, or other biologically active moieties, thereby imparting specific biological activity or chemical reactivity.
6. Drug Delivery and Targeting: Amino modifications can be utilized for targeted delivery of oligonucleotide therapeutics, such as by modulating their affinity for cell surface receptors to achieve targeted delivery and internalization into specific cell types.

In summary, amino modifications provide a powerful tool for customizing the properties and functionalities of oligonucleotides in various biological and biotechnological fields. By modulating the type, position, and quantity of amino modifications, precise control over the properties and functions of oligonucleotides can be achieved to meet specific research or application requirements.

GenCefe provides customized DNA oligo modification/labeling services, including more than 100 modifications such as biotin, digoxigenin, phosphate, thiol, sulfhydryl, amino, special bases, and a variety of fluorescent groups. 100% of the delivered modified probes/primers have passed mass spectrometry detection to ensure accuracy and purity, meeting the needs of scientific research and industrial-grade modified primers/probes.